|
|
§°
î®±u¯æX¯‡®±ÁŠ®± |
|
d°î®w®-X®‹qµä(š®±î®±u®æ-ïc‡®± N®w®Ýl®š¯Š¯ºý®) |
|
î®±u®æ-›u¯Üºq® |
|
¯u®æ-y®Š®ºy®Šµ |
|
xq¯ãw®±Ç¯Õw®-š®ºS®äœ® |
|
›ô°‡®±‹S¯T |
|
Cq®Šµ |
|
§° î®±u¯æX¯‡®±ÁŠ®± d°î®w®-X®‹qµä(š®±î®±u®æ-ïc‡®± N®w®Ýl® š¯Š¯ºý®)
|
|
El®±z‡®± §°N®³Ç®Øî®±j®u® S®„®ÁS®±m‡®±ªåŠ®±î® §°î®±u¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ® š®±ºu®Š® î®±²Š®±r |
|
î®±±N®±ºu®„®Nµñȶ S®±Š®±„®OÙb¯‡µ±¶ š®q¯º y®äš®qµñȶ X® xŠ®ºq®Š¯‡µ±¶| S®‹°‡®±›°º ïý®æS®±Šµ²°ïÁý®±u¯Ûº ¯Èãï± î¯‡µ²°Š®î®q¯Š®ª°Œ¯î®¾¬|| ------§°w¯Š¯‡®±oy®ºmq¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®±(š®±î®±u®æïc‡®± 1-5) (S®±Š®±„®OÙ‰±ºu®(¯q®äîµ°) cxš®±î® œ®‹„®OÙSµ²°š®ÊŠ®î¯T‡®±², š®cÑw®Š® xŠ®ºq®Š® Aw®±S®äœ®N¯ÊT‡®±²,ïý®æS®±Š®±S¡¯u® §°î¯‡®±±uµ°î®Š® ýµä°Ç®Õ Aî®q¯Š®ª°ŒµS®¡®w®±Ý î®pÁš®±îµw®±)
|
|
z°kNµ |
| §°
î®±u¯æX¯‡®±ÁŠ®±
cS®q®±Ù N®ºl® Ay®ärî®± q®q®ðb¯ÓxS®¡®±.Au®NµÊ A®±
cS®rÙSµ x°mu® xu®±ÁÇ®Ô,š®±ºu®Š®î®½
Bu® q®q®ðb¯Ów® î®±q®±Ù A®
…œ®±î®±±Q y®är„µ‡®± EcÑÉæ©
î®ãOÙq®æ.-D HŠ®l®² N¯Š®oî¯Tîµ.
A® S®äºs®S®¡® Au®㇮±w®u®ºqµ‡µ±°
A® d°î®w®u® Au®㇮±w®î®½
db¯Óš®±S®¡® „¯¢Sµ „µ¡®N®w®±Ý x°l®±î®ªå q®±º„¯
î®±œ®q®ÙŠ®î¯u®±u®±.D
ŸwµÝŒµ‡®±ªå A® d°î®w®S¯sµ‡®¾¯u®
š®±î®±u®æ ïc‡®±NµÊ
q®±º„¯ î®±œ®q®ðïuµ. š®±î®±u®æ ïc‡®±î®w®±Ý …Šµu® w¯Š¯‡®±o y®ºmq¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ®± §° î®±u¯æX¯‡®±ÁŠµ²ºvSµ wµ°Š®î¯T œ®vwµ¶u®± vw®S®¡® N¯© ý¯š®ôX®XµÁ‡®±w®±Ý w®lµ› šµ²°q®± A® þÇ®ãq®æ ›u® räïN®äî®±y®ºmq¯X¯‡®±ÁŠ® î®±²î®Š®± S®ºl®± î®±N®Ê¡®ªå Nµ²wµ‡®±î®Š®±. œ®vw¯Š®± š®S®ÁS®¡®ªå(1008 ýµ²å°N®S®¡®±) Š®Yq®î¯TŠ®±î® š®±î®±u®æïc‡®±î®¼ BX¯‡®±Á î®±u®抮 Ay®½î®Á î®ãOÙq®æî®w®±Ý š®î®±s®Áî¯T Yr䛊®±î® Kºu®± ýµä°Ç®Õ î®±œ¯N¯î®ã.ý¯š¯ôw®±„®²r î®±q®±Ù N¯î®ãy®är„µS®¡® š®±ºu®Š® îµ±°¡®w®u® ŸwµÝŒµ‡®±ªå Š®²y®¼Sµ²ºmŠ®±î® D N®³r š®î®±S®ä š®ºš®Êȳq® š¯Ÿq®ãu®ªå‡µ±° q®±º„¯ ïþǮԋ°r‡®± î®±œ¯N¯î®ã.Crœ¯š®ý®±u®Üî¯T N¯î®ãw¯‡®±N®w® î®±œ®q®ðî®w®±Ý †º†š®±î® Cºq®œ® N®³r cS®rÙw® ‡®¾¯î® „¯ǵ‡®± š¯Ÿq®ãu®©²å q®±º„¯ ¡®.q®q®æb¯Ówµ²°y®uµ°ý®N® S®±Š®±S®¡®ªå î®±±Q㊯u® §° ®±±uµ°î®Š® î®±²Š®wµ° Aî®q¯Š®Š¯u® BX¯‡®±Á î®±u®抮 d°î®w® î®±q®±Ù š¯u®wµS®¡® …SµÌ xu®±ÁÇ®Ô¯ŸrS®¡®w®±Ý Nµ²l®±î® u®³™Ô‡®±ªå Cuµ²ºu®± ýµä°Ç®Õ S®äºs®î¯Tuµ. ®±±uµ°î®Š® y®äs®î®¾¯î®q¯Š® œ®w®±î®±ºq®w® ïÇ®‡®± r¢‡®±©± Š¯î®¾¯‡®±o î®±q®±Ù væ°r‡®¾¯î®q¯Š® †Ã°î®±šµ°w®w® …SµÌ r¢‡®±©± î®±œ¯„¯Š®q®î®¼ š®œ¯‡®±N®î¯TŠ®±î®ºqµ,A® q®³r°‡®¾¯î®q¯Š® î®±u®抮 …SµÌ r¢‡®±©± D S®äºs®î®¼ œµYÏw® Ey®N¯Š®î®w®±Ý ¯l®±q®Ùuµ. d°îµ½°q®Ùî®±Š¯u® §° î®±u¯æX¯‡®±ÁŠ® Au®±áq® î®±Ÿîµ±‡®± y¯ä¯pN® xŠ®²y®nµ Hº…N¯Š®oN¯ÊT "š®±î®±u®æïc‡®±î®¼" xq®ãy¯Š¯‡®±o î®±ºq®äq®±©ã S®äºs®î¯T ǮØî® y®Š®ºy®Šµ‡®±ªå ¯w®ãî¯Tuµ. §° ¯u®w®²Š®±
ïÇ®±Ør°s®ÁŠ®ºq® b¯Óxµ°o㊮±
Cu®Š® š®î®±S®ä y¯Š¯‡®±oî®w®±Ý q®î®±â
y®äî®±±Q xq®ãïvÇ®±w¯ÝT
¯mNµ²ºmu®ÛŠ®± Hº…±u®±
Cu®Š® y¯Š¯‡®±ou® î®±œ®q®ðNµÊ uµ²ã°q®N®.
|
|
S®äºs® G±o |
|
1)¯u®æ î¯W⇮± q®y®›æS®¡®±-
§° y®ºl®‹w¯s¯X¯‡®±Á S®©S®ª.(1969
Š®ªå î®±±väq®) |
